Chapter 13: The Transport Museum

Buses, trains, autos, cycles , all gathered under one roof! At the Transport Museum, every ride has a price. Let's count rupees and make sense of money.

What we'll learn

• Indian currency: rupees and paise.
• Add and subtract money amounts.
• Find total bills and change.
• Solve multi-step money problems.

The big idea

We use rupees (₹) in India. 1 rupee = 100 paise, but coins of paise are rare today. Most things are priced in rupees alone.

Money sums look like other sums, but we keep rupees and paise lined up. ₹25.50 + ₹14.75 means add 50 paise + 75 paise = 125 paise = ₹1.25. Then 25 + 14 = 39, plus that extra ₹1 makes ₹40.25.

When you pay more than the price, you get change back. If a book costs ₹85 and you give ₹100, change = 100 − 85 = ₹15.

For multiple items, write down each price, add carefully, then subtract from what you paid.

Estimation helps. If 4 things cost ₹98 each, you can quickly think: 4 × ₹100 = ₹400, minus 4 × ₹2 = ₹8. Real cost ≈ ₹392.

Explore with examples

1. Ravi buys a ticket for ₹45 and popcorn for ₹35. Total spent?

45 + 35 = ₹80.

2. She pays with ₹100. What change?

100 − 80 = ₹20.

3. A toy auto costs ₹125, a toy bus ₹230. Difference?

230 − 125 = ₹105.

4. Mom gives ₹500 for groceries. She spends ₹245 on rice and ₹85 on dal. Left?

245 + 85 = 330. 500 − 330 = ₹170.

Hands-on activities

Shop Setup

Use real or paper coins. Set up a tiny shop with 5 items and price tags. Take turns being shopkeeper and buyer. Practise giving exact change.

Bill Reader

Pick up a real bill from a kirana shop. Note the item prices. Add them up. Does your total match the bill? Find any rounding.

Best Buy

Two shops sell the same chocolate. Shop A: 4 for ₹50. Shop B: 6 for ₹72. Which is cheaper per piece? Use division.

Try it yourself

1. Add: ₹125 + ₹248.
2. Subtract: ₹500 − ₹389.
3. A ticket costs ₹65. Cost of 4 tickets?
4. You pay ₹200 for an item priced ₹147. Change?
5. 1 kg of sugar is ₹45. Cost of 3 kg?
6. Mom buys items: ₹52, ₹38, ₹70, ₹15. Total bill?
7. You have ₹250. You want a toy for ₹185 and a chips packet for ₹40. Can you buy both?

Recap

• ₹ symbol stands for rupees.
• 1 rupee = 100 paise.
• Add/subtract money like normal numbers, keeping rupees and paise aligned.
• Always check: what you pay minus the cost = your change.