Chapter 12: How Much Can We Spend?

Ting-ting! The shop bell rings. Mother gives you 10 rupees. What can you buy? A toffee? A pencil? A pack of biscuits? Let's learn about money!

What we'll do in this chapter

• Know the rupee , our money in India.
• Recognise different coins and notes.
• Add small amounts of money.
• Pretend-play a shop and pay for things.

The big idea

In India, our money is the rupee. We write it with the symbol ₹. So ten rupees is ₹10.

Money comes in two forms:

• Coins , small round metal pieces. We have ₹1, ₹2, ₹5, ₹10 coins.
• Notes , paper money. We have ₹10, ₹20, ₹50, ₹100, ₹200 notes and more.

When you buy something, you give money. If the toffee costs ₹2 and you give a ₹5 coin, the shopkeeper gives you ₹3 back. That ₹3 is called change.

To know how much you have, you can add coins together. A ₹5 coin and two ₹2 coins is ₹5 + ₹2 + ₹2 = ₹9.

If you have ₹10 and buy a pencil for ₹4, you will have ₹10 − ₹4 = ₹6 left. Money is just numbers with a special rupee sign!

Let's play!

🪙 Coin Collection

Empty mama's purse (with permission!). Find ₹1, ₹2, ₹5 and ₹10 coins. Sort them into piles. Which pile is the tallest? Which has the most rupees in all?

🛒 My Little Shop

Take your toys and put price tags , toy car ₹5, ball ₹3, doll ₹8. Use buttons or paper as money. Take turns being the shopkeeper and the buyer!

➕ Add Up the Coins

Take 3 coins from a pile , say ₹2, ₹5 and ₹1. Add them: 2 + 5 + 1 = ₹8. Try another combination. How big can you make the total?

🥛 How Much Change?

A glass of juice costs ₹4. You give ₹10. How much change should you get? Count it out with real or paper coins.

A small story

Vivek went to the kirana shop with ₹20. He wanted biscuits (₹10), a chocolate (₹5) and a notebook (₹15). Oh no , he could not buy all three! He added: 10 + 5 + 15 = ₹30. But he had only ₹20. So Vivek picked the biscuits and the chocolate (₹15) and got ₹5 change. He saved the notebook for next time. Smart shopping!

Quick check

1. How many ₹5 coins make ₹10?
2. You have ₹6 and your friend has ₹3. Together, how much?
3. A pencil costs ₹2. You give ₹5. How much change?
4. Which is more , a ₹10 note or a ₹5 note?
5. What symbol do we use for rupees?

What did we learn?

• Our money is called the rupee, written as ₹.
• Money comes as coins and notes.
• We add money to count it and subtract to find change.